Green Politics and Philosophy

Politics and Policy

The Forest Wars

By Judith Ajani

Australia's long-unresolved forest conflict has been the make-or-break factor in federal elections for the last few decades, with both parties often arguing that the four-decade-old forest conflict has no practical solution. They are wrong. Australia's existing plantations can meet virtually all the nation's wood needs and replace all native forest woodchipping. Australia can have a large, highly competitive and prosperous forest industry without logging native forests. Since irreconciliable development versus environment interests cannot explain Australia's ongoing forest conflict, what does? Australia's forest conflict persists only because government has not let new, economically superior products displace environmentally inferior products in the market. Behind this failure lies silenced plantation processors, failing bureaucracies, government-created extraordinary native-forest-woodchipping profits and destructive union behaviour. More

Scorcher: The Dirty Politics of Climate Change

By Clive Hamilton buy_from_fishpond

This is the book that blows the whistle on the politics of global warming in Australia. Why have our political leaders been so slow to act? Which are the fossil-fuel lobby groups that still set the policy agenda? How many different ways can one spin, deceive, lie and obfuscate instead of facing facts and looking for the solutions that are desperately needed? Written with humour, urgency and great authority, this is the definitive account of the politics of climate change in Australia. More

About the Author
Clive Hamilton's book Growth Fetish was published in 2003 and became a national bestseller, as did his most recent book, Affluenza, co-authored with Richard Denniss. In 2006 his essay What's Left? The Death of Social Democracy was published as part of the Quarterly Essay series. Hamilton is executive director of the Australia Institute, an independent think-tank based at the Australian National University.

Environmental Philosophy

Extended bibliography

Environmental Ethics: Readings in Theory and Application

By Louis P. Pojman, Paul Pojman

The most comprehensive introduction to environmental ethics available, ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS offers students a current look at the issues and topics that dominate the field today, organized into two main parts that take students seamlessly from theory to application. This Fifth Edition of the Pojmans' popular anthology, like its predecessors, includes numerous topic areas not covered in other anthologies-including an all-new section on Climate Change. Featuring articles carefully selected for clarity and accessibility, the text follows a dialogic pro-con format presenting divergent positions on each topic, ensuring that students are both exposed to and understand both sides of every topic so they can develop their own informed positions. The bulk of royalties for this book are donated to groups dedicated to protecting the environment, such as the Wilderness Society and the Sierra Club. More

A Companion to Environmental Philosophy

By Dale Jamieson

"A Companion to Environmental Philosophy" is a pioneering work in the burgeoning field of environmental philosophy. This ground-breaking volume contains thirty-six original articles exemplifying the rich diversity of scholarship in this field.
Contains thirty-six original articles, written by international scholars.
Traces the roots of environmental philosophy through the exploration of cultural traditions from around the world.
Brings environmental philosophy into conversation with other fields and disciplines such as literature, economics, ecology, and law.
Discusses environmental problems that stimulate current debates.

Ecofeminism

By Maria Mies, Vandana Shiva

This work draws attention to the escalating deterioration of the environment and identifies ecofeminist strategies and perspectives to combat the ongoing destruction of nature in the name of progress. Prevailing economic theories, liberal feminism, the notion of development, the philosophical foundations of modern science and the omission of feminist ethics in the debate on reproductive and biotechnology are central issues explored in this book. Other work by Maria Vies includes "Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale". Other work by Vandana Shiva includes "Staying Alive: Women, Ecology and Development". More

Deep Ecology for the Twenty-First Century

By George Sessions

Instead of thinking of nature as a resource to be used for human needs, deep ecology argues that the true value of nature is intrinsic. This comprehensive and wide-ranging anthology contains almost 50 articles by the leading writers and thinkers in the field, offering a broad array of perspectives on this important approach to environmentalism. More

Deep Ecology Movement: An Introductory Anthology

By Alan Drengson, Yuichi Inoue, Alan Dgregson

Deep Ecology, a term coined by noted Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess, is a worldwide grassroots environmental movement that seeks to redress the shallow and piecemeal approach of technology-based ecology. Its followers share a profound respect for the earth's interrelated natural systems and a sense of urgency about the need to make profound cultural and social changes in order to restore and sustain the long-term health of the planet. This comprehensive introduction to the Deep Ecology movement brings together Naess' groundbreaking work with essays by environmental thinkers and activists responding to and expanding on its philosophical and practical aspects. Contributors include George Sessions, Gary Snyder, Alan Drengson, Bill Devall, Freya Mathews, Warwick Fox, David Rothenberg, Michael E. Zimmerman, Patsy Hallen, Dolores LaChapelle, Pat Fleming, Joanna Macy, John Rodman, and Andrew McLaughlin. The authors offer diverse viewpoints - from ecofeminist, scientific, and purely philosophical approaches to Christian, Buddhist, and Gandhian-based principles more

Buddhism and Deep Ecology

By Daniel H. Henning, Ph. D. Daniel H. Henning

Buddhism And Deep Ecology (the latter can be considered the spiritual dimensions of the environmental movement) is approached on a holistic, consciousness, and value I basis. It presents basic ideas, knowledge, experiential exercises, examples, public participation aspects, and a Dhamma\ecology glossary on how Buddhism and Deep Ecology relate to each other and to protecting natural forests and the environment. The essential teaching of Buddha are related to Deep Ecology and visa versa, especially under Oneness, ecocentric, and spiritual orientations, for awareness, compassion, loving-kindness, and care for all living beings, including trees, for a wide spectrum of readers. More

Social Ecology and Communalism

By Murray Bookchin

An astute observer of the theoretical and practical limitations of the traditional left, Murray Bookchin sought to develop a refreshingly new political framework. Developing from his earlier works on social ecology-which combined ecological principles with the abolition of social hierarchy and economic inequality- Communalism is a fascinating blend of libertarian municipalism with the best of the anarchist and Marxist traditions.

These essays, collected for the first time, represent the final works of Murray Bookchin, co-founder of the Institute for Social Ecology and the author of dozens of articles and books.

Ecology

By Carolyn Merchant (Edited by)

As we survey the negative effects of modernism - environmental destruction, the net consumption of irreplaceable natural resources, the ever-widening gulf between first and third worlds - we are forced to grapple with the consequences of the domination of nature by human beings. Clearly, for the earth and its peoples to survive, new ways of thinking about the human relationship to nature are needed. The readings gathered in this popular reader join these issues with critical theory to examine the ongoing struggle to rediscover the nature within human beings and to reconnect it with external nature.A critical theory of the environment offers both an analysis of current problems of the domination of people and nature and ways of attaining sustainability in the future. Distinguished environmental scholar Carolyn Merchant has brought together some of the foremost environmental thinkers of the twenty-first century. More

Back to Earth: Tomorrow's Environmentalism

By Anthony Weston

In the face of our receding connection to nature and the loss of our direct experience of the world, Anthony Weston proposes a different kind of environmentalism in "Back to Earth". Weston argues that we must restore our link with the 'more-than-human' world, bringing wilderness, animals, and the Earth closer to individuals and into daily life. Weston explores a multitude of practices that can bring humans back in touch with the 'more-than-human' world. Using specific, sometimes deeply unsettling, accounts of the state of animals and the land, Weston makes clear that as humans we must put aside our presuppositions about our own centrality and superiority. Instead, for example, we would do well to consider the means by which animals communicate and understand boundaries, thereby establishing what Weston terms 'transhuman etiquettes'. More

The Ecology of Wisdom: Writings by Arne Naess

By Alan Drengson (Edited by), Bill Devall (Edited by)

A founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess' has produced articles on environmentalism that have provided unmatched inspiration for ecologists, philosophers, and activists worldwide. This collection amasses a definitive group of Naess' most important works in which he calls for nonviolent, cooperative action to protect the Earth. Rich with observations, insights, and anecdotes, Naess' writings draw from Eastern religious practices, Gandhian nonviolent direct action, and Spinozan unity systems. Playful and compassionate in tone, Ecology of Wisdom showcases Naess' exceptional enthusiasm, wit, and spiritual fascination with nature, while educating each of us about the steps we must take to rescue the planet and illuminating the relevance of this important environmental advocate. More

The End of Nature

By Bill McKibben

Reissued on the tenth anniversary of its publication, this classic work on our environmental crisis features a new introduction by the author, reviewing both the progress and ground lost in the fight to save the earth.This impassioned plea for radical and life-renewing change is today still considered a groundbreaking work in environmental studies. McKibben's argument that the survival of the globe is dependent on a fundamental, philosophical shift in the way we relate to nature is more relevant than ever. McKibben writes of our earth's environmental cataclysm, addressing such core issues as the greenhouse effect, acid rain, and the depletion of the ozone layer. His new introduction addresses some of the latest environmental issues that have risen during the 1990s. The book also includes an invaluable new appendix of facts and figures that surveys the progress of the environmental movement.More than simply a handbook for survival or a doomsday catalog of scientific prediction, this classic, soulful lament on Nature is required reading for nature enthusiasts, activists, and concerned citizens alike. More

Ecology, Community and Lifestyle: Outline of an Ecosophy

By Arne Naess, David Rothenberg,

Ecology, Community and Lifestyle is a revised and expanded translation of Naess' book Okologi, Samfunn og Livsstil, which sets out the author's thinking on the relevance of philosophy to the problems of environmental degradation and the rethinking of the relationship between mankind and nature. The text has been thoroughly updated by Naess and revised and translated by David Rothenberg.

Environmetal Philosophy and Ethics Bibliography

Master list

This list is current up until 2002

Abram, D., 1996. The Spell of the Sensuous, New York: Vintage Books, 1996.
Agar, N., 2001. Life's Intrinsic Value, New York: Columbia University Press.
Aquinas, T. Summa Contra Gentiles, trans. V. J. Bourke, London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1975.
Aristotle. Politics, trans. E. Barker, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1948.
Aiken, W., 1984. “Ethical Issues in Agriculture”, in T. Regan (ed) Earthbound: New Introductory Essays in Environmental Ethics, New York: Random House, pp. 274-88.
Anker, P. and Witoszek, N., 1998. “The Dream of the Biocentric Community and the Structure of Utopias”, Worldviews 2: 239-56.
Attfield, R., 1987. A Theory of Value and Obligation, London: Croom Helm.
–––, 1998. “Saving Nature, Feeding People, and Ethics”, Environmental Values 7: 291-304.
Attfield, R., 2001. “Christianity”, Chapter 7 in D. Jamieson (ed.), A Companion to Environmental Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell.
Barry, J., 1999. Rethinking Green Politics, London: Sage.
Bentham, J., 1789. Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1948.
Benton, Ted, 1993. Natural Relations: Ecology, Animal Rights & Social Justice, London: Verso.
Bernstein, Jay, 2001. Adorno: Disenchantment and Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Birch, T., 1990 “The Incarceration of Wilderness: Wilderness Areas as Prisons”, Environmental Ethics 12:3-26.
Bookchin, M., 1980. Toward an Ecological Society, Montreal: Black Rose Books.
–––, 1982 The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy, Palo Alto, CA: Cheshire Books.
–––, 1987. “Social Ecology Versus Deep Ecology”, Green Perspectives: Newsletter of the Green Program Project, numbers 4, 5 reprinted in Witoszek and Brennan 1999, pp. 281-301.
–––, 1990. The Philosophy of Social Ecology, Montreal: Black Rose Books.
Brennan, A., 1984. ‘The Moral Standing of Natural Objects’, Environmental Ethics 6: 35-56
–––, 1988. Thinking About Nature, London Routledge.
–––, 1995. “Ethics, Ecology and Economics”, Biodiversity and Conservation 4: 798-811.
–––, 1998a. “Poverty, Puritanism and Environmental Conflict”, Environmental Values 7: 305-31.
–––, 1998b. “Bioregionalism -- a Misplaced Project?”, Worldviews 2: 215-37.
–––, 1999 “Comment: Pluralism and Deep Ecology”, in Witoszek and Brennan 1999
Boyd, Heather, 1999. “Christianity and the environment in the American public”, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 38: 36-44.
Callicott, J.B., 1980. “Animal Liberation, A Triangular Affair”, reprinted in Callicott 1989, pp. 15-38.
–––, 1985. “Intrinsic Value, Quantum Theory, and Environmental Ethics”, reprinted in Callicott 1989, pp. 157-74.
–––, 1988. “Animal liberation and Environmental Ethics: Back Together Again”, reprinted in Callicott 1989, pp. 49-59.
–––, 1989. In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy, Albany: SUNY Press.
–––, 1999. Beyond the Land Ethic: More Essays in Environmental Philosophy, Albany: SUNY Press.
Callicott, J. Baird, and Ames, Roger T., 1989. Nature in Asian Traditions of Thought, Albany: State University of New York Press.
Carson, R., 1963. Silent Spring, London: Hamish Hamilton.
Cheney, J., 1989. “Postmodern Environmental Ethics: Ethics as Bioregional Narrative”, Environmental Ethics 11: 117-34.
Clark, John, 1997. “A Social Ecology”, in Capitalism Nature Socialism, 8:3, 3–33 and in M. Zimmerman et al., Environmental Philosophy, 2nd edition, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Clark, John and Martin, Camille, 1996. Liberty, Equality, Geography: The Social Thought of Elisée Reclus, Littleton, CO: Aigis Publications.
Clark, S. R. L., 1977. The Moral Status of Animals, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cohen, M. P., 1984. The Pathless Way: John Muir and American Wilderness, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Collins, S., 1974. A Different Heaven and Earth, Valley Forge: Judson Press.
Crisp, R., 1998. “Animal Liberation is not an Environmental Ethic: A Response to Dale Jamieson”, Environmental Values 7: 476-8.
Dasgupta, Partha, 2001. Human Well-Being and the Natural Environment, New York: Oxford University Press
d'Eaubonne, F., 1974. Le Feminisme ou la Mort, Paris: P. Horay
Devall, B., and G. Sessions, 1985. Deep Ecology: Living as if Nature Mattered, Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith.
de Shalit, A., 1994. Why Does Posterity Matter? London: Routledge.
–––, 1996. “Ruralism or Environmentalism?” Environmental Values 5: 47-58.
Diesendorf, M. and Hamilton, C., 1997. Human Ecology, Human Economy, St Leonards, NSW: Allen and Unwin.
Dobson, A., 1990. Green Political Thought, London: Harper Collins.
Dobson, A. (ed.), 1999. Fairness and Futurity: Essays on Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice, Oxford: Oxford University Press
Dominick, R., 1998. “Capitalism, Communism and Environmental Protection: Lessons from the German Experience”, Environmental History, 3: 311-32.
Dryzek, John S., 1997. The Politics of the Earth: Environmental Discourses, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dunlap, Riley E, and Kent D. van Liere, 1978. “The New Environmental Paradigm: a proposed measuring instrument and preliminary results”, Journal of Environmental Education, 9: 10-19.
Dunlap, Riley E., van Liere, Kent D., Mertig, Angela and Robert Emmet Jones, 2000. “Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: a Revised NEP Scale”, Journal of Social Issues, 56: 425-42.
Eckberg, Douglas Lee, and T. Jean Blocker, 1996. “Christianity, environmentalism, and the theoretical problem of fundamentalism”, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 35/4: 343-55.
Eckersley, R., 1992. Environmentalism and Political Theory, London: UCL Press.
Elliot, R., 1982. “Faking Nature”, Inquiry 25: 81-93.
–––, 1997. Faking Nature, London: Routledge.
Elliot, R. and Gare, A. (eds), 1983. Environmental Philosophy: A Collection of Readings, Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
Feinberg, J., 1974. “The Rights of Animals and Unborn Generations”, in W. T. Blackstone (ed.), Philosophy and Environmental Crisis, Athens: University of Georgia Press, pp. 43-68.
Ferré, F., 1996. “Persons in Nature: Toward an Applicable and Unified Environmental Ethics”, Ethics and the Environment 1: 15-25.
Ferry, L., 1995. The New Ecological Order, translated C. Volk, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Fox, W., 1984. “Deep Ecology: A New Philosophy of Our Time?” The Ecologist 14: 194-200.
–––, 1995. Toward a transpersonal ecology: Developing new foundations for environmentalism. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
–––, 2007. A Theory of General Ethics: Human Relationships, Nature and the Built Environment, Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Gaard, Greta (ed), 1993. Ecofeminism: Women, Animals, Nature, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Greeley, Andrew M., 1993. “Religion and attitudes toward the environment”, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 32: 19-28.
Green, K., 1994. “Freud, Wollstonecraft and Ecofeminism”, Environmental Ethics 16: 117-34.
Goodin, Robert E., 1992. Green Political Theory,Oxford: Blackwell.
Grosz, E., 1989. Sexual Subversions, London: Allen and Unwin.
Gruen, L. and Jamieson, D. (eds), 1994. Reflecting on Nature, New York: Oxford University Press.
Guha, R., 1989. “Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique”, Environmental Ethics 11: 71-83.
–––, 1996. “Lewis Mumford, the Forgotten American Environmentalist: An Essay in Rehabilitation”, in David Macauley, ed., Minding Nature: The Philosophers of Ecology, New York: Guilford Press.
–––, 1999. “Radical American Environmentalism Revisited”, in Witoszek and Brennan (eds.) 1999, pp. 473-9
Harvey, Graham, 2005. Animism: Respecting the Living World, New York: Columbia University Press.
Hayward, Tim, and O'Neill, John (eds.), 1997 Justice, Property and the Environment: Social and Legal Perspectives, Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Co., 1997.
Hettinger, N and Throop, B., 1999. ”Refocusing Ecocentrism”, Environmental Ethics, 21: 3-21
Horkheiner, M. and Adorno, T., 1969. Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. Cumming, J., New York: Seabury Press 1972.
Hume, David, 1751. An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, ed. T. L. Beauchamp, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Jamieson, D., 1998. ‘Animal Liberation is an Environmental Ethic’, Environmental Values 7: 41-57.
Jamieson, D., 2001. A Companion to Environmental Philosophy, Oxford: Balckwell 2001.
–––, 2002. Morality's Progress: Essays on Humans, Other Animals, and the Rest of Nature, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kant, Immanuel. “Duties to Animals and Spirits”, in Louis Infield trans., Lectures on Ethics, New York: Harper and Row, 1963.
Karliner, J., 1997. The Corporate Planet, San Francisco: Sierra Club Books
Katz, E., 1991. “Restoration and Redesign: The Ethical Significance of Human Intervention in Nature”, Restoration and Management Notes 9: 90-6.
–––, 1997. Nature as Subject, New York: Rowman and Littlefield.
Kheel, M., 1985. “The Liberation of Nature: A Circular Affair”, Environmental Ethics 7: 135-49
King, R., 2000. “Environmental Ethics and the Built Environment”, Environmental Ethics 22: 115-31
King, Y., 1989a. “The Ecology of Feminism and the Feminism of Ecology”, in J. Plant (ed.), Healing the Wounds, Philadelphia: New Society Publishers: 18-28.
King, Y., 1989b. “Healing the Wounds: Feminism, Ecology, and Nature/Culture Dualism”, in A. M. Jaggar and S. R. Bordo (eds.) Gender/Body/Knowledge: Feminist Reconstruction of Being and Knowing, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, pp. 115-41.
Korten, D., 1999. The Post-CorporateWorld, Hartford: Kumarian Press
Leopold, A., 1949. A Sand County Almanac, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Light, A., 1996. “Callicott and Naess on Pluralism”, Inquiry 39: 273-294.
–––, 2001. “The Urban Blindspot in Environmental Ethics”, Environmental Politics 10: 7-35.
Light, A. and Katz, E., 1996. Environmental Pragmatism, London: Routledge.
Light, Andrew and Rolston, Holmes (eds.), 2003. Environmental Ethics: An Anthology , Oxford: Blackwell.
Light, Andrew and de-Shalit, Avner (eds.), 2003. Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice , Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
List, P. C., 1993. Radical Environmentalism, Belmont: Wadsworth.
Lo, Y. S., 1999. “Natural and Artifactual: Restored Nature as Subject”, Environmental Ethics 21: 247-66.
–––, 2001. “The Land Ethic and Callicott's Ethical System (1980-2001): An Overview and Critique”, Inquiry 44: 331-58.
Luke, Timothy W., 1997. Ecocritique: Contesting the Politics of Nature, Economy, and Culture, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Mathews, Freya, 2003. For Love of Matter. Albany: State University of New York Press.
–––, 2005 Reinhabiting Reality: Towards a Recovery of Culture. Sydney: UNSW Press.
Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., and Behrens, W. W., 1972. The Limits to Growth, New York: New American Library.
Mies, Maria and Shiva, Vandana, 1993. Ecofeminism, London: Zed Books
Mill, J. S., 1874. “Nature”, in Three Essays on Religion, London: Longmans, Green, Reader and Dyer.
Montaigne, M. de, 1991. The Complete Essays, trans. M. A. Screech, Harmondworth: Penguin.
Morton, Timothy, 2007. Ecology without Nature: Rethinking Environmental Aesthetics,Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Mumford, L., 1934. Technics and Civilization, London: Secker and Warburg.
–––, 1944. The Condition of Man, New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.
–––, 1961. The City in History, New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich
Næss, A., 1973. “The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement”, Inquiry 16, reprinted in Sessions 1995, pp. 151-5.
–––, 1989. Ecology, Community, Lifestyle, trans. and ed. D. Rothenberg, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nash, R., 1989. The Rights of Nature: A History of Environmental Ethics , Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
––– (ed), 1990. American Environmentalism: Readings in Conservation History, New York: McGraw-Hill.
Norton, B., 1991. Toward Unity Among Environmentalists, New York: Oxford University Press.
Norton, B., Hutchins, M., Stevens, E. and Maple, T. L. (eds), 1995. Ethics on the Ark, Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
O'Neill, J., 1992. “The Varieties of Intrinsic Value”, Monist 75: 119-137.
–––, 1993. Ecology, Policy and Politics, London: Routledge.
Ouderkirk, W. and Hill, J. (eds.), 2002. Land, Value, Community: Callicott and Environmental , Albany: State University of New York.
Palmer, C., 2003. “Placing Animals in Urban Environmental Ethics”, Journal of Social Philosophy, 34: 64-78.
Passmore, J., 1974. Man's Responsibility for Nature, London: Duckworth, 2nd ed., 1980.
Plumwood, V., 1993. Feminism and the Mastery of Nature, London: Routledge.
–––, 1999. “Comments: Self-Realization and Man Apart? The Reed-Næss Debate”, in Witoszek and Brennan (eds.) 1999, pp. 206-10.
–––, 2002. Environmental Culture, London: Routledge
Porter, G. and Welsh Brown, J., 1991. Global Environmental Politics, Boulder: Westview Press.
Regan, T., 1983. The Case for Animal Rights, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Regan, T. and Singer, P. (eds.), 1976. Animal Rights and Human Obligations, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Rolston, H., 1975. “Is There an Ecological Ethic?”, Ethics 85: 93-109.
–––, 1988. Environmental Ethics: Duties to and Values in the Natural World, Indiana: Temple University Press.
–––, 1989. Philosophy Gone Wild, New York: Prometheus Books.
–––, 1996. “Feeding People versus Savng Nature?”, in W. Aiken and H. LaFollette (eds.) World Hunger and Morality, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, pp. 248-67
Rousseau, J. J., 1782. Reveries of the Solitary Walker, trans. P. France, Penguin Books, 1979.
Routley, R., 1973. “Is there a need for a new, an environmental ethic?” Proceedings of the 15th World congress of Philosophy, vol. 1 pp. 205-10, Sophia: Sophia Press (see also Sylvan, R.).
Routley, R. and Routley, V., 1980. “Human Chauvinism and Environmental Ethics” in Mannison, D., McRobbie, M. A., and Routley, R. (eds.) Environmental Philosophy, Canberra: Australian National University, Research School of Social Sciences, pp. 96-189.
Sagoff, M., 1984. “Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick Divorce”, Osgoode Hall Law Journal 22:297-307.
–––, 1988. The Economy of the Earth, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
–––, 2001. “Consumption”, in Jamieson 2001.
Sandler, Ronald, 2007. Character and Environment: A Virtue-Oriented Approach to Environmental Ethics, New York: Columbia University Press.
Schmidtz, D. and Willott, E., 2002 Environmental Ethics: What Really Matters, What Really Works, New York: Oxford University Press.
Sessions, G. (ed), 1995. Deep Ecology for the 21st Century, Boston: Shambhala 1995.
Shaiko, Ronald G., 1987. “Religion, politics, and environmental concern: A powerful mix of passions”, Social Science Quarterly, 68: 244-262.
Shrader-Frechette, K., 1984. Science Policy, Ethics and Economic Methodology, Dordrecht: D Reidel
–––, 1987. “The real risks of risk-cost-benefit analysis”, in P. T. Durbin (ed.), Technology and Responsibility, Dordrecht: D Reidel, pp. 343-57.
–––, 1996. “Individualism, Holism, and Environmental Ethics”, Ethics and the Environment 1: 55-69.
–––, 2002. Environmental Justice: Creating Equality, Reclaiming Democracy, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shue, Henry, 2001. “Climate”, in Jamieson 2001.
Singer, P., 1975. Animal Liberation, New York: Random House.
–––, 1993. Practical Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2nd ed.
Stone, Alison, 2006. “Adorno and the Disenchantment of Nature”, Philosophy and Social Criticism, 32: 231-253.
Stone, C. D., 1972. “Should Trees Have Standing?”, Southern California Law Review 45:450-501 ; later published with a descriptive introduction as Should Trees Have Standing?, Los Angeles: Kaufmann, 1974, and reprinted in Schmidtz and Willott 2002.
Stretton, H., 1976. Capitalism, Socialism and the Environment, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sylvan, Richard, Bennett, David, 1994. The Greening of Ethics, Cambridge: White Horse Press.
Taylor, Bron and Michael Zimmerman, 2005. “Deep Ecology”, in Bron Taylor, ed., The Encyclopaedia of Religion and Nature, London: Continuum.
Taylor, P., 1981. “The Ethics of Respect for Nature”, Environmental Ethics 3: 197-218.
–––, 1986. Respect for Nature, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Thayer, Jr., R. L., 2003. LifePlace: Bioregional Thought and Practice, Berkeley: University of California Press.
Thompson, Paul, 2001. “Land and Water”, in Jamieson 2001.
Van Wyck, Peter C., 1997. Primitives in the Wilderness: Deep Ecology and the Missing Human Subject, New York: SUNY Press.
Varner, G., 1998. In Nature's Interests? Interests, Animal Rights, and Environmental Ethics, Oxford: Oxford University Press
–––, 2000. “Sentientism”, in D. Jamieson (ed.) A Companion to Environmental Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell, pp.192-203.
Vogel, S., 1996. Against Nature: The Concept of Nature in Critical Theory, Albany: State University of New York Press.
Warren, K. J., 1987. “Feminism and Ecology: Making Connections”, Environmental Ethics 9: 3-21.
–––, 1990. “The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism”, Environmental Ethics 12: 125-46.
–––, 1999. “Ecofeminist Philosophy and Deep Ecology”, in Witoszek and Brennan (eds.) 1999, pp. 255-69.
Warren, K. J. (ed), 1994. Ecological Feminism, London: Routledge.
White, L., 1967. “The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis”, Science, 55:1203-1207 ; reprinted in Schmidtz and Willott 2002.
Whitney, Elspeth, 1993. “Lynn White, Ecotheology, and History.” Environmental Ethics 15: 151-169.
Williams, B., 1992. “Must a Concern for the Environment be Centred on Human Beings?”, reprinted in his Making Sense of Humanity and Other Philosophical Papers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995: 233-40.
Witoszek, N., 1997. “Arne Næss and the Norwegian Nature Tradition”, Worldviews 1: 57-73.
Witoszek, N. and Brennan, A. (eds), 1999. Philosophical Dialogues: Arne Næss and the Progress of Eco-Philosophy, New York: Rowan and Littlefield.
Woodrum, Eric and Thomas Hoban, 1994. “Theology and religiosity effects on environmentalism”, Review of Religious Research, 35: 193-206.
Zimmerman, M., 1994. Contesting Earth's Future: Radical Ecology and Postmodernity, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

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